EC Microbiology

Introduction: Hyperlipidemia is a modifiable condition where there is an increase in one or more of the plasma lipids such as triglycerides, cholesterol, cholesterol esters, phospholipids, and or plasma lipoproteins such as low-density lipoprotein and very-low-density lipoprotein with reduced high-density lipoprotein levels. This increase in plasma lipids is one of the leading risk factors associated with various cardiovascular diseases. The advancement in research management of hyperlipidemia has led to the new concepts of inverse correlation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL) cholesterol. The incidence of lipid disorders is evidently increasing worldwide most commonly in the western region. This is primarily because of unhealthy lifestyle choices or inherited risk factors or secondary causes like other diseases or medication. Cholesterol-lowering drugs are most commonly used for medication but are not fully adequate, the scenario with the current treatment options requires new therapies. Gene therapy is one such advancement employing targeted RNA technology that utilizes small interfering RNAs, antisense oligonucleotides to regulate target protein production whereas viral gene therapy provides functional therapeutic genes.

Aim of the Study: The purpose of the present review is to better understand the recent advances in the management of lipid disorders such as Hyperlipidemia and provide an overview of lipids and their metabolism.

Methodology: The review is a comprehensive research of PUBMED since the year.

Conclusion: With recent advancement and better diagnosis of the cause of increased plasma lipid levels enables appropriate decisions to be taken regarding its management. The treatment may include a variety of options starting from nutritional counseling understanding the risk factors associated with CHD, most commonly smoking and hypertension. Appropriate drug choices should be made based on the particular lipid abnormality associated with it. Patients with clinical vascular disease are treated more aggressively than others. The current advancement in the treatment of hyperlipidemia fills some of the gaps caused by drawbacks of old treatment modalities and provides better knowledge for the same condition.

Keywords: Hyperlipidemia; Dyslipidemia; Pharmacological Management; Recent Advances

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