EC Microbiology

Introduction: The exterior layer of the Adrenal cortex is called the zona glomerulosa, which secretes the mineralocorticoid hormone. As the name suggests, the increase in the secretion of aldosterone from zona glomerulosa is referred to as hyperaldosteronism. The chief role of aldosterone is the maintenance of volume circulation and metabolic activities. Irregularities in the level of aldosterone may cause extracellular volumetric changes. Aldosterone also has some potent effects on cardiovascular tissues like the endothelium and myocardium. The management of PA depends on the etiological factors behind the disease. The aim of complete treatment of PA is the reduction of the effects produced by excess aldosterone in the system like myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, etc. and increasing the levels of potassium, controlling the blood pressure levels. 

Aim of the Study: This review aims at overviewing Hyperaldosteronism, etiological factors behind it, and the management techniques.

Methodology: This review is a comprehensive research of PUBMED and Google Scholar from the year 1990 to 2021.

Conclusion: The excess of aldosterone in the system is termed Hyperaldosteronism. Hyperaldosteronism is different from other hormonal excess states in the body as the effects of HA are mainly related to the cardiovascular tissues leading to an increased risk of fatality. The recent technological advances have enabled us to diagnose the condition more effectively, which further helps in better treatment planning for the condition. Understanding the etiological factors is of utmost importance as it dominates the management technique to be used. Radiofrequency ablation and Laparoscopic surgeries to manage HA have shown increased patient compliance enabling a better prognosis of the disease.

Keywords: Hyperaldosteronism; Aldosterone; Bilateral Adrenal Hyperplasia; Renin-Angiotensin System; Radiofrequency Ablation

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